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HealthDefense

Immune Function & Antioxidant Support

$45.84


100 Tablets 

  • Healthy bones, teeth and gums
  • Wound healing
  • Nutrient metabolism
  • Connective tissue formation
  • Immune function

 

• Healthy bones, teeth and gums
• Connective tissue formation
• Nutrient metabolism
• Wound healing
• Immune function
• Antioxidant support


Robusten is a supplement for vitamin C, since it helps with the immune functions and often used as a prevention of the symptoms of the common cold and gum disease. There are studies showed that vitamin C also plays a very big role in development and maintenance of bone, cartilage and connective tissue formation.

 

Why Jensens Vitamins?


The application of Structurally Active-Orthogenic (SAO) technology by Jensens Vitamins's research and production team ensures that all available products are of a heightened quality. 

SAO technology produces active ingredients with strong molecular composition and the highest bioavailability (ratio of inactive/active ingredients) in order to ensure synergistic applications occur within the body. In other words, the Jensens Vitamins label ensures that all our products are able to be optimally absorbed by the bloodstream at the molecular level, and don’t just pass through the body undigested. 

Jensens Vitamins is pharmaceutically tested and clinically verified by careful examination at every stage of production. The protocols are measured and confirmed for international standard compliance before the product is introduced to market. 

Jensens Vitamins only uses 100% natural ingredients. 




Active Ingredients

Vitamin C (1,000 mg)

Dicalcium phosphate, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, lactose, silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, sorbitol.

*4X stronger than HerbalGenn Vitamin C (250 mg).

 

Robusten

 

NPN:

80032192

Quantity:

100 Tablets 

Product Type:

Vitamin C

Cautions & Warnings:

In case of accidental overdose, contact a physician or a poison control centre. Keep out of reach of children.





Biogenique Structurally Active-Orthogenic (SAO) technology


Calcium, when alone is one of the most difficult elements for the body to digest, absorb and utilize. Biogenique SAO technology provides all co-factors in Calcium complete required for proper absorption and utilization of calcium in the body. Biogenique Calcium complete is a well-balanced formulation of calcium along with essential elements for maximum benefits. The several other nutrients in Biogenique Calcium complete includes vitamin D3, magnesium, potassium and few traces of selenium, zinc, cop and boron.

Our research says, people in risk groups include:

Postmenopausal Women: Menopause leads to bone loss because decreases in estrogen production leads to both increase bone resorption and decrease calcium absorption.
Amenorrheic Women and the Female Athlete Triads: Amenorrhea, the condition in which menstrual periods stop or fail to initiate in women of childbearing age, results from reduced circulating estrogen levels that, in turn, have a negative effect on calcium balance.
Individuals with Lactose Intolerance: Lactose intolerance refers to symptoms (such as bloating, flatulence, and diarrhoea) that occur when one consumes more lactose, the naturally occurring sugar in milk, than the enzyme lactase produced by the small intestine can hydrolyze into its component monosaccharides, glucose and galactose.
Vegetarians: Vegetarians might absorb less calcium than omnivores because they consume more plant products containing oxalic and phytic acids.

SAO Analysis


Cofactor for enzymes and proteins
Calcium is necessary to stabilize a number of proteins and enzymes, optimizing their activities. The binding of calcium ions is required for the activation of the seven "vitamin K-dependent" clotting factors in the coagulation cascade. The term, "coagulation cascade," refers to a series of events, each dependent on the other that stops bleeding through clot formation.

Cell signaling
Calcium plays a role in mediating the constriction and relaxation of blood vessel (vasoconstriction and vasodilation), nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and the secretion of hormones like insulin. For example, when a muscle fiber receives a nerve impulse that stimulates it to contract, calcium channels in the cell membrane open to allow a few calcium ions into the muscle cell. These calcium ions bind to activator proteins within the cell, which release a flood of calcium ions inside the cell. The binding of calcium to the protein initiates a series of steps that lead to muscle contraction and activates enzymes that breakdown muscle glycogen to provide energy for muscle contraction.

Scientific Evidence


Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder in which bone strength is compromised, resulting in an increased risk of fracture. Your body needs calcium to help build and maintain healthy bones and strong teeth. People start to lose more bone than their bodies make in their 30s, and the process speeds up as they get older. Studies have shown that calcium, particularly in combination with vitamin D, may help prevent bone loss associated with menopause. It may also help prevent bone loss in older men. The loss of bone with aging is the result of several factors, including genetic factors, physical inactivity, and lower levels of circulating hormones (estrogen in women and testosterone in men). 

Osteoporosis can be slowed down by: 

Getting regular exercise, getting adequate vitamin D, consuming enough calcium to reduce the amount the body has to borrow from bone, consuming adequate vitamin K, found in green, leafy vegetables and not getting too much preformed vitamin A.

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (preeclampsia)

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) occurs in 10% of pregnancies and is a major health risk for pregnant women and their offspring. PIH is a term that includes gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia. Gestational hypertension is defined as an abnormally high blood pressure that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy. In addition to gestational hypertension, preeclampsia includes the development of edema (severe swelling) and proteinuria (protein in the urine). Preeclampsia may progress to eclampsia (also called toxemia) in which life-threatening convulsions and coma may occur. Some studies suggest that calcium supplements may play a role in the prevention of high blood pressure during pregnancy and preeclampsia. However, not all studies show the same benefit. Taking a prenatal vitamin, with magnesium, folic acid, and many other nutrients, and getting enough calcium in food, may lower the risk of developing high blood pressure during pregnancy.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

PMS begins sometime after ovulation (mid-cycle) and subsides with the onset of menstruation (the monthly period). Low dietary calcium intakes have been linked to PMS in several studies, and supplemental calcium has been shown to decrease symptom severity. One large, well-designed study showed that women who took 1,200 mg of calcium per day reduced their symptoms of PMS by 50%, including headache, fatigue, irritability, moodiness/depression, breast tenderness, fluid retention, food cravings, and bloating. A smaller study suggested that calcium may help reduce menstrual pain.

High Blood Pressure

People who do not get enough calcium may be at higher risk for hypertension or high blood pressure. Studies suggest that increasing calcium levels may lower blood pressure slightly. An analysis of 23 large observational studies found a reduction in systolic blood pressure of 0.34 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) per 100 mg of calcium consumed daily and a reduction in diastolic blood pressure of 0.15 mm Hg per 100 mg calcium. This research indicates that a calcium intake at the recommended level (1,000-1,200 mg/day) may be helpful in preventing and treating moderate hypertension.

If you want to try calcium supplements, do not stop taking your blood pressure medication. Instead, talk to your health care provider about the right amount of calcium for you. You may need to take calcium for 6 - 8 weeks before you see any improvement in blood pressure.

Selected references


1. Gallagher JC, Goldgar D, Moy A. Total bone calcium in normal women: effect of age and menopause status. J Bone Min Res 1987;2:491-6. PubMed abstract 

2. Heaney RP, Recker RR, Stegman MR, Moy AJ. Calcium absorption in women: relationships to calcium intake, estrogen status, and age. J Bone Miner Res 1989;4:469-75. PubMed abstract 

3. Breslau NA. Calcium, estrogen, and progestin in the treatment of osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin North m 1994;20:691-716. PubMed abstract 

4. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1997. 

5. Coffin B, Azpiroz F, Guarner F, Mlagelada JR. Selective gastric hypersensitivity and reflex hyporeactivity in functional dyspepsia. Gastroenterology 1994;107:1345-51. PubMed abstract 

6. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1997. 

7. Osteoporosis: fast facts. National Osteoporosis Foundation. Accessed January 24, 2008. 

8. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1637–42. [PubMed] 

9. Chung M, Balk EM, Brendel M, et al. Vitamin D and calcium: a systematic review of health outcomes. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2009:1–420. [PubMed]

 




I) Effects of calcium intake on the cardiovascular system in postmenopausal women.


Medical School, Cardiff University, Heath Park Campus, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK. Electronic address: challoumasd@cardiff.ac.uk. 

Abstract

The use of calcium supplements for the prevention of complications of osteoporosis has significantly increased during the last years. The effects of calcium intake in postmenopausal women on cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure, serum lipids and cardiovascular events are controversial. Even though transient beneficial effects of calcium supplementation have been reported, especially in women with low dietary calcium intake, their long-term outcomes are inconclusive. Only a very few studies investigating serum lipids in postmenopausal women have been described and these showed significant increases in high-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratio. With regards to cardiovascular events in this population group adverse effects have been reported on the rates of myocardial infarction and stroke with increased calcium intake by some authors, however, others described no effects or even beneficial outcomes. We present a review of the current literature which provides a balanced summary of the possible beneficial and adverse effects of calcium intake in postmenopausal women on cardiovascular parameters. Taking into account the modest effect of calcium supplementation in reducing fracture rates, a reassessment of the role, benefits and adverse effects of calcium supplements should be conducted in postmenopausal women.

II) Effect of a multivitamin and mineral supplement on infection and quality of life. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.


University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. tbarringer@carolinas.org

Abstract

BACKGROUND: 

Use of multivitamin and mineral supplements is common among U.S. adults, yet few well-designed trials have assessed the reputed benefits.

OBJECTIVE: 

To determine the effect of a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement on infection and well-being.

DESIGN: 

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

SETTING: 

Primary care clinics at two medical centers in North Carolina.

PARTICIPANTS: 

130 community-dwelling adults stratified by age (45 to 64 years or >or=65 years) and presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

INTERVENTION: Multivitamin and mineral supplement or placebo taken daily for 1 year.

MEASUREMENTS: Incidence of participant-reported symptoms of infection, incidence of infection-associated absenteeism, and scores on the physical and mental health subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form.

RESULTS: More participants receiving placebo reported an infectious illness over the study year than did participants receiving multivitamin and mineral supplements (73% vs. 43%; P < 0.001). Infection-related absenteeism was also higher in the placebo group than in the treatment group (57% vs. 21%; P < 0.001). Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 51) accounted for this finding. Among diabetic participants receiving placebo, 93% reported an infection compared with 17% of those receiving supplements (P < 0.001). Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form scores did not differ between the treatment and placebo groups.

CONCLUSIONS: 

A multivitamin and mineral supplement reduced the incidence of participant-reported infection and related absenteeism in a sample of participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a high prevalence of subclinical micronutrient deficiency. A larger clinical trial is needed to determine whether these findings can be replicated not only in diabetic persons but also in any population with a high rate of suboptimal nutrition or potential underlying disease impairment. 

III) Use of Calcium Supplements, Vitamin D Supplements and Specific Osteoporosis Drugs Among French Women Aged 75-85 Years: Patterns of Use and Associated Factors.


Département de Gérontologie Clinique, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Charité, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France, karine.castro_lionard@chu-st-etienne.fr.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: 

Despite the availability of effective preventive and curative medications for osteoporosis, and guidelines for its diagnosis and management, few individuals are treated for osteoporosis, even among those who have already had a fracture.

OBJECTIVES: 

Our objective was to describe the patterns of use of medication for osteoporosis, i.e., calcium supplements, vitamin D supplements, and specific anti-osteoporotic drugs, such as bisphosphonates, in a large sample of French older women living at home, and to identify individual factors associated with use of these medications overall and in two specific clinical situations.

METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of data from 4,221 women aged 75-85 years who participated in a balance and mobility examination as part of the screening procedure for the Ossébo study, a randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of exercise for the prevention of fall-related injuries. Electoral rolls were used to invite women in 16 towns to participate (participation rate 10.3 %). Information collected through questionnaires included current medication use and, in particular, use of osteoporosis medications (specific osteoporosis drugs, calcium and vitamin D supplementation) in the past 6 months, and history of fracture since the age of 50, including fracture locations. Fractures were categorized in three groups: no fracture, major osteoporotic fracture (hip, humerus, wrist, pelvis, and vertebra), and other fracture.

RESULTS: 

Nearly 48 % of the participants reported they did not take calcium or vitamin D supplements or any specific osteoporosis drugs. Of the 2,133 women who reported using osteoporosis medication, 85 % used vitamin D supplements (25 % as the sole medication against this disease), 59 % calcium supplements, and 42 % a specific anti-osteoporotic drug (75 % of them combining it with vitamin D supplementation). The use of any osteoporosis medication was significantly associated (p < 0.001) with a history of a major osteoporotic fracture, lower weight, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone-density measurement in the past 5 years, a cancer-screening examination in the past 5 years, and a positive attitude toward medication use in general. Living alone was associated with a lower likelihood of using a specific anti-osteoporotic drug, and a higher education level was associated with a higher likelihood of vitamin D supplementation. Of the 1,553 women who had already had a major osteoporotic fracture, one-third (34.8 %) were not taking any osteoporosis medication. In this subgroup, use of this medication was associated with the same factors as in the overall study population. In particular, neither older age nor a history of falls in the previous 12 months was associated with a higher likelihood of using osteoporosis medication. Among the 909 women who reported using a specific osteoporosis drug, vitamin D use was associated with a higher educational level and a more frequent preventive attitude.

CONCLUSION: In France, as in other western countries, women aged 75 years and over are not managed according to guidelines. Further studies should address the barriers encountered in improving quality of care in osteoporosis management.

IV) Vitamin D and calcium supplementation among aged residents in nursing homes. Central Union for the Welfare of the Aged, Helsinki, Finland.


Abstract

BACKGROUND: 

Aged residents in nursing homes are at particularly high risk of fractures. Vitamin D and calcium have a preventative role.

OBJECTIVE: 

To describe the use of vitamin D and calcium supplementations, and their association with nutritional factors among nursing home residents.

METHODS: Our study is a cross-sectional assessment of long-term residents in all nursing homes in Helsinki during February 2003. We collected residents' background information, nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA), and data on daily nursing routines in institutions, including nutritional care. Vitamin D and calcium supplementations were inquired after in the questionnaire and retrieved from residents' medication lists.

RESULTS: 2,114 (87%) of all 2,424 eligible residents had available data on the use of vitamin D and calcium supplementation. Their mean age was 83 years, and 80.7% were female. Of all participants, 32.9% received vitamin D supplementation and 27.7% calcium supplementation. Altogether 20.0% received both. However, only 21.3% received vitamin D in the therapeutic dose of 10 mg (400 IU) or more, and 3.6% in the recommended dose of 20 microg (800 IU) or more. In logistic regression analysis, residents who received vitamin D supplementation also had better nutritional status (MNA), ate snacks between meals, did not have constipation and their weight was checked more frequently.

CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the known benefit and recommendation of vitamin D supplementation for the elderly residing mostly indoors, the proportion of nursing home residents receiving vitamin D and calcium was surprisingly low.






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